翻訳と辞書 Words near each other ・ Pakistani cricket team in the West Indies in 2005 ・ Pakistani cricket team in the West Indies in 2011 ・ Pakistani cricket team in the West Indies in 2013 ・ Pakistani cricket team in Zimbabwe in 1992–93 ・ Pakistani cricket team in Zimbabwe in 1994–95 ・ Pakistani cricket team in Zimbabwe in 1997–98 ・ Pakistani cricket team in Zimbabwe in 2002–03 ・ Pakistani cricket team in Zimbabwe in 2011 ・ Pakistani cricket team in Zimbabwe in 2013 ・ Pakistani cricket team in Zimbabwe in 2015–16 ・ Pakistani cuisine ・ Pakistani detainees at Guantanamo Bay ・ Pakistani diaspora in the Caribbean ・ Pakistani dramas ・ Pakistani English ・ Pakistani English literature ・ Pakistani fast food ・ Pakistani folk music ・ Pakistani folklore ・ Pakistani furniture ・ Pakistani general election, 1970 ・ Pakistani general election, 1977 ・ Pakistani general election, 1985 ・ Pakistani general election, 1988 ・ Pakistani general election, 1990 ・ Pakistani general election, 1993 ・ Pakistani general election, 1997 ・ Pakistani general election, 2002 ・ Pakistani general election, 2008 ・ Pakistani general election, 2013 Dictionary Lists mini英和辞書 mini和英辞書 Webster 1913 Latin-English FOLDOC Wikipedia English ウィキペディア

翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Pakistani English literature ： ウィキペディア英語版 Pakistani English literature Pakistani English literature refers to English literature that has been developed and evolved in Pakistan, as well as by members of the Pakistani diaspora who write in the English language. English is one of the official languages of Pakistan (the other being Urdu) and has a history going back to the British colonial rule in South Asia (the British Raj); the national dialect spoken in the country is known as Pakistani English. Today, it occupies an important and integral part in modern Pakistani literature.〔 "Prolegomena to the Study of Pakistani English and Pakistani Literature in English" (1989), Alamgir Hashmi, ''Pakistani Literature'' (Islamabad), 2:1 1993.〕〔 Dr. Alamgir Hashmi introduced the term "Pakistani Literature (written ) in English" with his "Preface" to his pioneering book ''Pakistani Literature: The Contemporary English Writers'' (New York, 1978; Islamabad, 1987) as well as through his other scholarly work and the seminars and courses taught by him in many universities since 1970's. It was established as an academic discipline in the world following his lead and further work by other scholars, and it is now a widely popular field of study. ==Background== English language poetry from Pakistan from the beginning held a special place in South Asian writing, on account of the new trends represented by Shahid Suhrawardy, Ahmed Ali, Alamgir Hashmi, Taufiq Rafat, Daud Kamal, Maki Kureishi and others. Fiction from Pakistan began to receive recognition in the latter part of the 20th century. The early success of Pakistani English poets was followed in fiction by the prose works written by Ahmed Ali co-founder of The Progressive Writers Movement & Association, author of Twilight in Delhi, Angarey..., and Zulfikar Ghose, and by such figures as Bapsi Sidhwa, the Parsi author of ''The Crow Eaters'', ''Cracking India'' (1988) and other novels. In the diaspora, Hanif Kureshi commenced a prolific career with the novel ''The Buddha of Suburbia'' (1990), which won the Whitbread Award. Moniza Alvi published several poetry collections and won British literary prizes. Tariq Ali published numerous novels and plays and broadcast TV scripts.Aamer Hussein wrote a series of acclaimed short story collections. Sara Suleri published her literary memoir, ''Meatless Days'' (1989). Many short story collections and some play scripts were also received well. The Pakistan Academy of Letters has awarded its prestigious prizes to a number of English writers. In the early years of the 21st century, a number of Pakistani novelists writing in English won or were shortlisted for international awards. Mohsin Hamid published his first novel ''Moth Smoke'' (2000), which won the Betty Trask Award and was a finalist for the PEN/Hemingway Award; he has since published his second novel, ''The Reluctant Fundamentalist'' (2007), which was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize. Kamila Shamsie, who won her first literary award in Pakistan for her first novel, was shortlisted for the John Llewelyn Rhys award for her third novel, ''Kartography'' (2002); she has since published her fourth novel, ''Broken Verses''. Uzma Aslam Khan was shortlisted for the Commonwealth Writers Prize (Eurasia region) for her second novel, ''Trespassing'' (2003). British-Pakistani writer Nadeem Aslam won the Kiriyama Prize for his second book, ''Maps for Lost Lovers'' (2004). The first novel of Mohammed Hanif, ''A Case of Exploding Mangoes'' (2008) was shortlisted for the 2008 Guardian First Book Award. Emerging authors Kamila Shamsie and Daniyal Mueenuddin have garnered wide attention by now.〔("Pakistani Authors Catch Literary World's Attention" ), Rob Gifford, ''Morning Edition'', NPR, 29 May 2009〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Pakistani English literature」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.